A MCDA-Based Approach for Evaluating Alternative Requalification Strategies for a Net-Zero Energy District (nZED)

摘要

In Europe the building sector is responsible for more than 40% of the total energy consumption and for 36% of the CO2 emissions. To avoid a further increase of these values, the European Union decided to issue several Directives in order to encourage the reduction of energy consumptions and to promote the use of renewable energy sources. In particular, the recast of the European Energy Performance of Buildings (Directive 2010/31/EU) promotes the improvement of buildings energy performance within the European Union, and introduces a new standard, the nearly-Zero Energy Building (nZEB). More recently, the European Commission is shifting the matter with steady increase from the single level of the building to the district one in order to hit the target of post-carbon cities and the concept of Net-Zero Energy District (NZED) is emerging. The evaluation of alternative strategies for the construction of NZED constitutes a multidimensional problem, where different aspects and impacts have to be considered, from the reduction of pollutant emissions to the investment cost, from the increase in indoor comfort to the creation of benefits in term of real estate assets value. The objective of the present study concerns an investigation of Multicriteria Decision Analysis for supporting decision problems in the context of NZED. In particular, starting from a real case study in the city of Turin (Italy), the multicriteria PROMETHEE method is employed for comparing four alternative strategies for the construction of a new NZED and to select the best solution from a socio-economic and environmental point of view.